I can only say that it works. Moisturizes the skin and never makes my eyes puffy in the morning. It has a perfect consistency that is something between a gel and a cream. It leaves the skin feeling hydrating but not moist or oily. I think it will be very good for those who get puffy eyes or don't like to wait for cream to absorb. I did not expect a lightening effect and I wasn't disappointed. It's been a month and my dark circles are still dark. My eyes look fresher though and my most drying concealer looks okay when I use this eye cream. Overall, I am satisfied but I still prefer thicker stuff on the eyes,